Background: Food allergy (FA) is a growing global health concern characterized by immune dysregulation and intestinal barrier dysfunction. Methods: Our research investigates the therapeutic potential of quercetin, a natural flavonoid, in FA through quercetin's dual modulation of immune homeostasis and epithelial integrity . In a mouse model of FA treated with quercetin, mice were orally administered quercetin at doses of 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg for 14 days to assess the therapeutic effects. In in vitro studies, Caco - 2 cells were employed to examine the impact of quercetin on the intestinal barrier. Results: Our results demonstrate that quercetin significantly alleviates clinical symptoms by restoring Th17/Treg balance through PI3K - AKT - mTOR pathway inhibition and enhancing intestinal barrier function. In cellular studies, quercetin dose dependently restored barrier integrity via suppression of the MLCK/P-MLC2 axis. Collectively , quercetin ameliorates food allergy by precisely modulating the PI3K - AKT - mTOR signaling pathway to restore Th17/Treg immune homeostasis while repairing intestinal barrier function. Conclusions: These findings reveal quercetin's unique capacity to simultaneously target immune and epithelial pathologies in FA, positioning it as a promising disease - modifying therapy .