Introduction: Infantile colic is a self-limiting condition characterized by excessive crying in otherwise healthy infants, often causing significant distress to families. Despite its common occurrence, local data on maternal knowledge and attitudes toward infantile colic remain limited. Objectives: To assess the knowledge and attitudes regarding infantile colic among mothers of infants attending the well-baby clinic in a tertiary care hospital, to identify associated factors, and to compare findings between mothers of colicky infants and those without colic. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers of infants attending the well-baby clinic at Teaching Hospital Peradeniya. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered, pre-tested questionnaire. Results: The mean knowledge score was 3.46 ± 1.10 out of 6, suggesting a moderate understanding. Although 91.2% correctly identified colic as a non-serious condition misconceptions were common. 55.6% believed that breast feeding mothers should avoid certain foods, and only 30.4% identified overfeeding as a potential risk factor. Mothers with prior infantile colic experience showed a demonstrably higher knowledge score compared to those without (p=0.023). The mean attitude score was 21.46 ± 3.04 out of 30. While 72.7% expressed willingness to try remedies, 40% reported guilt feelings during colic episodes. Younger mothers (18-24 years), those with lower educational level, and lower household income showed markedly less favourable attitudes whereas mothers with prior colic experience demonstrated more positive attitudes (p